Fedora安装后的配置

摘要：在Fedora系统安装后还需要一些配置才能正常使用。

添加sudo用户

现在操作系统里面，我们不允许管理员作为普通用户进行登入。但是有很多操作需要管理员授权，所以Linux给出了一种解决方法就是sudo用户来做。

sudo: superuser do(超级用户在做)

例如：

[hongcyu@localhost 桌面] $ sudo passwd

这样做的好处就是不要使用管理员的口令，大大增加了系统的安全性。

在ubantu系统中默认sudo用户是可用的，而fedora却默认是不可用的，一般按下面的操作

先进入管理员做最初的设置

$ su
密码： 
[root@localhost 桌面]#

可以看到区别：$ 变成了 #

接着我们执行命令

#visudo

此时会打开一个文件，只能看不能改，但是visudo才能修改

接着我们找到

## Allow root to run any commands anywhere
root    ALL=(ALL)       ALL

下root下方添加自己的用户名

例如：

hongcyu ALL=(ALL)       ALL

按ESC输入 :w 进行保存

手动修改软件源

进入/etc 目录

etc目录一个很重要的目录，许多系统配置是在这个目录下的，找到图中圈出的文件

进入这个目录

$ cd yum.repos.d

输入ls -l即可看见配置文件，默认的后缀是repo

我们先打开一个文件进行查看可以看到如图所示

$ vi fedora.repo

第三行的baseurl是非常重要的，因为以后下载都会从这个网址进行查找后下载。

复制以下到/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo 文件：

遇到不可保存的情况可以使用 $ sudo vi fedora.repo 来进行编辑，之后类似。

[fedora]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/os/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[fedora-debuginfo]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch - Debug
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/debug/tree/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-debug-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[fedora-source]
name=Fedora $releasever - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Everything/source/tree/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-source-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo 文件：

[updates]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch - Updates
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[updates-debuginfo]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch - Updates - Debug
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/debug/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-debug-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[updates-source]
name=Fedora $releasever - Updates Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Everything/SRPMS/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-source-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo 文件：

[fedora-modular]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - $basearch
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Modular/$basearch/os/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-modular-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
#metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[fedora-modular-debuginfo]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - $basearch - Debug
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Modular/$basearch/debug/tree/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-modular-debug-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[fedora-modular-source]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/releases/$releasever/Modular/source/tree/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-modular-source-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
metadata_expire=7d
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

/etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates-modular.repo 文件：

[updates-modular]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - $basearch - Updates
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Modular/$basearch/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-modular-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[updates-modular-debuginfo]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - $basearch - Updates - Debug
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Modular/$basearch/debug/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-modular-debug-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

[updates-modular-source]
name=Fedora Modular $releasever - Updates Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/updates/$releasever/Modular/SRPMS/
#metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-modular-source-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

最后运行 sudo dnf makecache 生成缓存。

自动修改软件源

用以下命令替换 /etc/yum.repos.d 下的文件

sudo sed -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' \
         -e 's|^#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora|g' \
         -i.bak \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates-modular.repo

参考网址： http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/fedora.html